From: Clinical use of coping in affective disorder, a critical review of the literature
Study Controlled = CON | Follow up year | Patients No. | Sex Men % | Mean age | Measures | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coyne [34] 1981, CON | 1 | 15 depressed and 72 controls | 52 | 55 yr | HSCL, WCL 4 weeks intervals | The coping of depressed persons was characterized by seeking emotional support and by wishful thinking. |
Billings [35, 36] 1985, CON | 1 | 380 unipolar | 57 | 40 yr | HDL FES RDC | Patients at follow-up used significantly more affect regulation and less reliance on information seeking and emotional discharge, latter coping styles were associated with poorer outcome |
Swindle [37] 1989, CON | 4 | 352 unipolar | 44 | 44 yr | HDL, FES RDC | Problem solving related to less depression and greater self-esteem. Emotional discharge associated with depression. |
Hoffart [38] 1993 | 1 | 21 depressed 17 depr/phobia, 23 agoraphobia. | 34 | 41 yr | SCID, WICCA BDI, ACS CPRS | Seeking social support may be a trait dependent coping style. Problem focused coping and wishful thinking appeared as a state phenomena. |
Sherbourne [39] 1995 | 2 | 604 depressed | 26 | 46 yr | DSM-III SF-36, COD | Better clinical course of depression was associated with more active and less avoidant coping styles |
Moos [40] 1999, CON | 10 | 313 unipolar | 40 | 48 yr | DSSI, HDL RDC | Patients were at risk for a chronic course if they coped with stressors by avoiding being with people. |
Oldehinkel [41] 2000 | 3 1/2 | 86 from primary care | 31 | 37 yr | PSE, DSM, UCL LEDS, SRS, ABV | Predictors that expedited remission were high self-esteem and a tension reducing coping style. |
Lam [42] 2001 | 1 1/2 | 40 bipolar | 43 | 44 yr | MAS, SCID CPSI | More who used stimulating coping strategies had a manic relapse. More who used passive coping strategies had a depressive relapse. |
Holahan [43] 2003, CON | 10 | 313 unipolar | 40 | 48 yr | HDL, RDC, DTC DSSI, DP | Patient who more often drank to cope at baseline had a stronger association to depressive symptoms and drinking problems. |
Szadoczky [44] 2004 | 2 | 117 unipolar | 25 | 44 yr | HRSD, MMPI, WCC, SAS, LEQ | No significant difference between the group of remitters and the group of non-remitters in problem-solving coping and emotion-focused coping. |