From: Effects of Transcendental Meditation on mental health: a before-after study
Subgroup n (%) | GHQ ≥ 22 n (%) | Mean GHQ subclass scores (before – after) | GHQ-28 score | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Somatisation | Anxiety | Social Dysfunction | Depression | ||||
Total | 80 | 31 (39%) |
(6.2 – 4.8) p* < 0.001 |
(6.6 – 4.7) p < 0.001 |
(9.2 – 9.4) p = 0.979 |
(3.0 – 2.0) p = 0.152 |
(25.1 – 21.3) p < 0.001 |
Age Group | |||||||
20 – 29 | 35 (44%) | 13 (37%) |
(6.1 – 4.9) p < 0.001 |
(6.8 – 5.5) p < 0.001 |
(8.9 – 8.9) p = 0.979 |
(3.9 – 3.0) p = 0.152 |
(25.7 – 22.3) p < 0.001 |
30 – 39 | 25 (31%) | 10 (40%) |
(7.5 – 5.5) p = 0.019 |
(7.7 – 4.7) p = 0.006 |
(8.5 – 10.1) p = 0.352 |
(3.5 – 1.9) p = 0.106 |
(27.2 – 22.4) p = 0.028 |
≥ 40 | 20 (25%) | 8 (40%) |
(6.0 – 4.6) p = 0.023 |
(6.6 – 3.8) p = 0.036 |
(10.4 – 9.8) p = 0.292 |
(1.8 – 1.5) p = 0.733 |
(24.9 – 19.7) p = 0.022 |
Gender | |||||||
Male | 24 (30%) | 7 (29%) |
(5.6 – 3.8) p = 0.005 |
(5.3 – 3.7) p = 0.029 |
(8.5 – 9.2) p = 0.667 |
(2.4 – 1.5) p = 0.094 |
(21.9 – 18.3) p = 0.01 |
Female | 56 (70%) | 24 (43%) |
(6.5 – 5.3) p = 0.018 |
(7.2 – 5.1) p < 0.001 |
(9.5 – 9.6) p = 0.839 |
(3.3 – 2.7) p = 0.517 |
(26.4 – 22.7) p = 0.003 |
Marital Status | |||||||
Married | 44 (55%) | 17 (39%) |
(5.8 – 4.7) p = 0.025 |
(6.1 – 4.1) p = 0.01 |
(9.3 – 9.8) p = 0.793 |
(2.7 – 2.0) p = 0.253 |
(23.8 – 20.6) p = 0.024 |
Unmarried | 36 (45%) | 14 (39%) |
(6.8 – 5.1) p = 0.006 |
(7.3 – 5.5) p = 0.003 |
(9.1 – 9.0) p = 0.742 |
(3.5 – 2.7) p = 0.350 |
(26.6 – 22.3) p < 0.001 |