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Table 2 Logistic regression analyses: full model of determinants of mental health service utilization

From: Determinants of mental health service use in the national mental health survey of the elderly in Singapore

  

N

Sought treatment

Multivariate

P

   

N

%

χ2

df

P

OR

(95% C.I.)

Wald

df

 

Psychiatric disorder:

No

967

32

3.2

   

1

     
 

Yes

125

42

33.6

163.7

1

<0.001

5.43

2.29

12.9

14.77

1

<0.001

Disability from mental illness (≥ 1 month)

No

1059

44

4.2

         
 

Yes

33

30

90.9

381.3

1

<0.001

106.4

24.5

461.9

38.82

1

<0.001

Self-rated mental health:

Excellent or very good

324

14

4.3

   

1

  

8.379

2

0.015#

 

Good

648

33

5.1

   

0.82

0.35

1.94

0.198

1

0.657

 

Fair of poor

120

27

22.5

52.96

2

<0.001

3.18

1.01

10.0

3.928

1

0.047

Gender

Male

478

26

5.5

   

1

     
 

Female

614

48

7.8

0.238

1

0.12

2.25

1.09

4.66

3.386

1

0.07

Age

60–74

824

58

7.0

   

1

     
 

≥ 75

268

16

6.0

0.366

1

0.54

0.71

0.31

1.62

0.672

1

0.41

Ethnicity

Chinese

873

61

7.0

   

1

   

2

 
 

Malay

120

6

5.0

   

0.81

0.25

2.60

0.126

1

0.72

 

Indian

99

7

7.1

0.675

2

0.71

0.93

0.30

2.90

0.017

1

0.89

Formal education

No

437

24

5.5

   

1

     
 

Yes

655

50

7.5

1.679

1

0.19

2.48

1.11

5.51

4.929

1

0.026

Household income per month

< $1,000

218

22

10.3

   

1

  

7.243

2

0.027#

 

$1,000 – $2,999

429

33

7.7

   

0.56

0.25

1.25

2.004

1

0.16

 

>$3,000

445

19

4.4

8.607

1

0.015

0.29

0.12

0.72

7.232

1

0.007

Limited by financial resources for medical care

No at all

458

36

7.9

   

1

     
 

Yes, to some or great extent

634

38

6.0

1.467

1

0.23

0.38

0.18

0.79

6.791

1

0.009

Actively employed

Yes

164

10

6,1

   

1

     
 

No

928

64

6.8

0.004

1

0.85

1.76

0.75

4.15

1.678

1

0.19

Single, divorced, widowed

No

384

34

8.9

   

1

     
 

Yes

708

40

5.6

4.047

1

0.044

0.48

0.23

1.03

3.566

1

0.059

Living alone: No

No

1031

69

6.7

   

1

     

Yes

Yes

61

5

8.2

0.206

1

0.65

2.10

0.48

9.22

0.975

1

0.32

Caregiver available

No

44

8

18.2

   

1

     
 

Yes

1048

66

6.3

9.440

1

0.002

0.25

0.07

0.78

5.654

1

0.017

Religious or spiritual support

Not at all

169

11

6.5

   

1

  

1.819

2

0.40#

 

To some extent

504

40

7.7

   

0.92

0.34

2.50

0.024

1

0.88

 

To a great extent

419

23

5.5

1.860

2

0.39

0.57

0.21

1.60

1.123

1

0.29

Regular source of primary care: No

No

163

11

6.8

   

1

     

Yes

Yes

929

63

6.8

0.01

1

1.00

0.66

0.29

1.52

0.941

1

0.33

Prefer to seek professional help: No

No

211

12

5.7

   

1

     

Yes

Yes

881

62

7.0

0.497

1

0.48

0.81

0.34

1.93

0.218

1

0.64

Mental illness can be cured

Not at all

108

3

2.8

   

1.00

  

6.866

2

.032#

 

To some extent

782

48

6.1

   

4.85

1.07

22.0

4.178

1

0.041

 

To a great extent

202

23

11.4

10.03

2

0.007

8.82

1.69

45.9

6.690

1

0.010

Embarrassed or ashamed about mental illness

Not at all

744

50

6.7

   

1

  

0.641

2

0.73

 

To some extent

294

19

6.5

   

1.34

0.63

2.84

0.576

1

0.45

 

To a great extent

54

5

9.3

0.576

2

0.75

0.94

0.24

3.66

0.007

1

0.93

Professionals can do little to help

Disagree or strongly disagree

719

36

5.0

   

1

  

8.569

2

0.014#

 

Neither

246

21

8.5

   

2.81

1.19

6.65

5.549

1

0.018

 

Agree or strongly agree

127

17

13.4

13.55

2

0.001

3.84

1.42

10.4

7.034

1

0.008

Can overcome problem without professional help

Disagree or strongly disagree

549

37

6.6

   

1

  

3.096

2

0.21#

 

Neither

225

12

5.3

   

1.57

0.60

4.10

0.851

1

0.36

 

Agree or strongly agree

318

25

7.9

1.402

2

0.49

2.02

0.92

4.43

3.072

1

0.08

Drugs often do more harm than good

Disagree or strongly disagree

744

44

5.9

   

1

  

2.461

2

0.29#

 

Neither

244

24

9.8

   

1.09

0.47

2.55

0.040

1

0.84

 

Agree or strongly agree

104

6

5.8

4.659

2

0.10

0.39

0.11

1.46

1.947

1

0.16

  1. # p for trend
  2. Multivariate model Nagelkerke R2 = 0.510
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Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health

ISSN: 1745-0179